Yala Glacier in Nepal Set to Vanish by 2040s Due to Climate Change + UPSC?.ToString()?? UPSC?.ToString()+" Current Affairs";

Why in the news?
Recent studies have revealed that Nepal’s Yala Glacier, located in Langtang National Park, is projected to vanish by the 2040s due to the accelerated impacts of climate change. Between 1974 and 2021, the glacier has retreated by 680 meters (36% reduction in area), posing significant threats to water security and increasing the risks of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) for millions who rely on glacier-fed water resources.
Key Takeaways:
Historical Retreat and Current Status:
Retreat Measurements: Yala Glacier has retreated by 680 meters between 1974 and 2021, with its surface area reducing by 36%. Its elevation declined from 5,170 meters to 5,750 meters in 2011.
Scientific Significance: It is the only Himalayan glacier included in the Global Glacier Casualty List, introduced in 2024, which identifies glaciers critically endangered or already disappeared.
Implications of Glacier Loss:
Water Resources:
Glaciers are critical sources of freshwater for millions in the Himalayan region.
The Hindu Kush Himalaya region is warming at twice the global average, jeopardizing water security for approximately 240 million people.
GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods):
Accelerated melting forms unstable glacial lakes.
Potential overflows can trigger catastrophic floods, endangering downstream communities.
Global and Regional Responses:
International Initiatives:
The United Nations has declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers’ Preservation, focusing on the importance of glacier ecosystems.
Starting in 2025, March 21 will be observed annually as the World Day for Glaciers, raising awareness and promoting climate action.
Regional Actions:
India: Initiatives like the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem and the establishment of the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) help monitor glacier-related events and issue alerts for GLOFs.
Broader Climate Impacts:
The retreat of Himalayan glaciers, known as the “Third Pole,” affects not just local communities but global water cycles.
The loss of glaciers will have cascading effects on agriculture, hydropower, and biodiversity.
Way Forward:
Urgent climate action is needed to mitigate further glacial retreat and its consequences. Strengthening international cooperation, fostering regional collaboration, and implementing adaptation measures will play a vital role in preserving glaciers and protecting vulnerable communities.