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Why in News?
Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter, who served from 1977 to 1981 and later became a global humanitarian, passed away at the age of 100 on Sunday. He was the longest-living American President and is remembered for his efforts to promote peace, civil rights, and global humanitarian initiatives.
Key Highlights of the Report
Life and Legacy of Jimmy Carter
Presidency: Won the U.S. presidency post-Watergate and Vietnam War. Served one term before losing re-election in 1980.
Humanitarian Work: Redefined post-presidency with global efforts, including disease eradication, housing the homeless, and peace-building through the Carter Center.
Reactions:
U.S. President Joe Biden called him an "extraordinary leader, statesman, and humanitarian."
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi praised his contributions to global peace and fostering strong India-U.S. relations.
Relationship with India
India-U.S. Nuclear Deal:
Played a significant role in the original "Indo-U.S. nuclear deal" for Tarapur Atomic Power Station.
Attempted to nudge India towards signing the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT).
1978 Visit to India:
Marked a significant milestone in bilateral ties.
First U.S. President to visit India without combining it with a visit to Pakistan.
Welcomed by Prime Minister Morarji Desai and President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy.
Delivered a speech in Parliament drawing parallels between U.S. democracy post-Watergate and India post-Emergency.
Notable Events During His Visit
Public Reception: Attended a rally at Ramlila Maidan and connected deeply with India, influenced by his mother’s work in Maharashtra as a U.S. Peace Corps volunteer.
Nuclear Sovereignty Stance:
Indian PM Morarji Desai remained firm on maintaining nuclear sovereignty, refusing to yield to U.S. pressures regarding the NPT.
Tensions arose during a "hot mic" moment when Carter referred to Desai as "pretty adamant" on nuclear issues.
Outcomes:
Talks on the nuclear issue remained inconclusive.
Productive discussions on space cooperation and agricultural aid marked other successes of the visit.
Significance of the Legacy
Peace and Humanitarian Efforts: Carter's work highlighted his commitment to global harmony and human rights.
India-U.S. Relations: Strengthened bilateral ties through dialogue, despite disagreements on sensitive issues like nuclear policy.
Inspiration for Leadership: Set an example of humility, principles, and purposeful living in public life.
Way Forward
Recognizing Contributions: Honor Carter’s legacy in global diplomacy and humanitarian efforts.
Strengthening Bilateral Relations: Build upon his efforts to further India-U.S. cooperation in areas like space and renewable energy.
Learning from History: Address critical bilateral issues with mutual respect for sovereignty and long-term collaboration.